vip.el

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1	;;; vip.el --- a VI Package for GNU Emacs
2
3	;; Copyright (C) 1986, 1987, 1988, 1992, 1993, 1998, 2001, 2002, 2003,
4	;; 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5
6	;; Author: Masahiko Sato <ms@sail.stanford.edu>
7	;; Keywords: emulations
8
9	;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
10
11	;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
12	;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
13	;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
14	;; any later version.
15
16	;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
17	;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
18	;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
19	;; GNU General Public License for more details.
20
21	;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
22	;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the
23	;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
24	;; Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
25
26	;;; Commentary:
27
28	;; A full-featured vi(1) emulator.
29	;;
30	;; In Japan, the author's address is: masahiko@sato.riec.tohoku.junet
31	;;
32	;; Send suggestions and bug reports to one of the above addresses.
33	;; When you report a bug, be sure to include the version number of VIP and
34	;; Emacs you are using.
35
36	;; Execute info command by typing "M-x info" to get information on VIP.
37
38	;;; Code:
39
40	(defgroup vip nil
41	"A VI Package for GNU Emacs."
42	:prefix "vip-"
43	:group 'emulations)
44
45	;; external variables
46
47	(defvar vip-emacs-local-map nil
48	"Local map used in Emacs mode. (Buffer-specific.)")
49
50	(defvar vip-insert-local-map nil
51	"Local map used in insert command mode. (Buffer-specific.)")
52
53	(make-variable-buffer-local 'vip-emacs-local-map)
54	(make-variable-buffer-local 'vip-insert-local-map)
55
56	(defvar vip-insert-point nil
57	"Remember insert point as a marker. (Buffer-specific.)")
58
59	(set-default 'vip-insert-point (make-marker))
60	(make-variable-buffer-local 'vip-insert-point)
61
62	(defvar vip-com-point nil
63	"Remember com point as a marker. (Buffer-specific.)")
64
65	(set-default 'vip-com-point (make-marker))
66	(make-variable-buffer-local 'vip-com-point)
67
68	(defvar vip-current-mode nil
69	"Current mode. One of `emacs-mode', `vi-mode', `insert-mode'.")
70
71	(make-variable-buffer-local 'vip-current-mode)
72	(setq-default vip-current-mode 'emacs-mode)
73
74	(defvar vip-emacs-mode-line-buffer-identification nil
75	"Value of mode-line-buffer-identification in Emacs mode within vip.")
76	(make-variable-buffer-local 'vip-emacs-mode-line-buffer-identification)
77	(setq-default vip-emacs-mode-line-buffer-identification
78	'("Emacs: %17b"))
79
80	(defvar vip-current-major-mode nil
81	"vip-current-major-mode is the major-mode vi considers it is now.
82	$buffer specific$")
83
84	(make-variable-buffer-local 'vip-current-major-mode)
85
86	(defvar vip-last-shell-com nil
87	"Last shell command executed by ! command.")
88
89	(defvar vip-use-register nil
90	"Name of register to store deleted or yanked strings.")
91
92	(defvar vip-d-com nil
93	"How to reexecute last destructive command. Value is list (M-COM VAL COM).")
94
95	(defcustom vip-shift-width 8
96	*"The number of columns shifted by > and < command."**
97	:type 'integer
98	:group 'vip)
99
100	(defcustom vip-re-replace nil
101	*"If t then do regexp replace, if nil then do string replace."**
102	:type 'boolean
103	:group 'vip)
104
105	(defvar vip-d-char nil
106	"The character remembered by the vi \"r\" command.")
107
108	(defvar vip-f-char nil
109	"For use by \";\" command.")
110
111	(defvar vip-F-char nil
112	"For use by \".\" command.")
113
114	(defvar vip-f-forward nil
115	"For use by \";\" command.")
116
117	(defvar vip-f-offset nil
118	"For use by \";\" command.")
119
120	(defcustom vip-search-wrap-around t
121	*"If t, search wraps around."**
122	:type 'boolean
123	:group 'vip)
124
125	(defcustom vip-re-search nil
126	*"If t, search is reg-exp search, otherwise vanilla search."**
127	:type 'boolean
128	:group 'vip)
129
130	(defvar vip-s-string nil
131	"Last vip search string.")
132
133	(defvar vip-s-forward nil
134	"If t, search is forward.")
135
136	(defcustom vip-case-fold-search nil
137	*"If t, search ignores cases."**
138	:type 'boolean
139	:group 'vip)
140
141	(defcustom vip-re-query-replace nil
142	*"If t then do regexp replace, if nil then do string replace."**
143	:type 'boolean
144	:group 'vip)
145
146	(defcustom vip-open-with-indent nil
147	*"If t, indent when open a new line."**
148	:type 'boolean
149	:group 'vip)
150
151	(defcustom vip-help-in-insert-mode nil
152	*"If t then C-h is bound to help-command in insert mode.**
153	If nil then it is bound to `delete-backward-char'."
154	:type 'boolean
155	:group 'vip)
156
157	(defvar vip-quote-string "> "
158	"String inserted at the beginning of region.")
159
160	(defvar vip-tags-file-name "TAGS")
161
162	(defvar vip-inhibit-startup-message nil)
163
164	(defvar vip-startup-file (convert-standard-filename "~/.vip")
165	"Filename used as startup file for vip.")
166
167	;; key bindings
168
169	(defvar vip-mode-map (make-keymap))
170
171	(define-key vip-mode-map "\C-a" 'beginning-of-line)
172	(define-key vip-mode-map "\C-b" 'vip-scroll-back)
173	(define-key vip-mode-map "\C-c" 'vip-ctl-c)
174	(define-key vip-mode-map "\C-d" 'vip-scroll-up)
175	(define-key vip-mode-map "\C-e" 'vip-scroll-up-one)
176	(define-key vip-mode-map "\C-f" 'vip-scroll)
177	(define-key vip-mode-map "\C-g" 'vip-keyboard-quit)
178	(define-key vip-mode-map "\C-h" 'help-command)
179	(define-key vip-mode-map "\C-m" 'vip-scroll-back)
180	(define-key vip-mode-map "\C-n" 'vip-other-window)
181	(define-key vip-mode-map "\C-o" 'vip-open-line-at-point)
182	(define-key vip-mode-map "\C-u" 'vip-scroll-down)
183	(define-key vip-mode-map "\C-x" 'vip-ctl-x)
184	(define-key vip-mode-map "\C-y" 'vip-scroll-down-one)
185	(define-key vip-mode-map "\C-z" 'vip-change-mode-to-emacs)
186	(define-key vip-mode-map "\e" 'vip-ESC)
187
188	(define-key vip-mode-map " " 'vip-scroll)
189	(define-key vip-mode-map "!" 'vip-command-argument)
190	(define-key vip-mode-map "\"" 'vip-command-argument)
191	(define-key vip-mode-map "#" 'vip-command-argument)
192	(define-key vip-mode-map "$" 'vip-goto-eol)
193	(define-key vip-mode-map "%" 'vip-paren-match)
194	(define-key vip-mode-map "&" 'vip-nil)
195	(define-key vip-mode-map "'" 'vip-goto-mark-and-skip-white)
196	(define-key vip-mode-map "(" 'vip-backward-sentence)
197	(define-key vip-mode-map ")" 'vip-forward-sentence)
198	(define-key vip-mode-map *""** 'call-last-kbd-macro)
199	(define-key vip-mode-map "+" 'vip-next-line-at-bol)
200	(define-key vip-mode-map "," 'vip-repeat-find-opposite)
201	(define-key vip-mode-map "-" 'vip-previous-line-at-bol)
202	(define-key vip-mode-map "." 'vip-repeat)
203	(define-key vip-mode-map "/" 'vip-search-forward)
204
205	(define-key vip-mode-map "0" 'vip-beginning-of-line)
206	(define-key vip-mode-map "1" 'vip-digit-argument)
207	(define-key vip-mode-map "2" 'vip-digit-argument)
208	(define-key vip-mode-map "3" 'vip-digit-argument)
209	(define-key vip-mode-map "4" 'vip-digit-argument)
210	(define-key vip-mode-map "5" 'vip-digit-argument)
211	(define-key vip-mode-map "6" 'vip-digit-argument)
212	(define-key vip-mode-map "7" 'vip-digit-argument)
213	(define-key vip-mode-map "8" 'vip-digit-argument)
214	(define-key vip-mode-map "9" 'vip-digit-argument)
215
216	(define-key vip-mode-map ":" 'vip-ex)
217	(define-key vip-mode-map ";" 'vip-repeat-find)
218	(define-key vip-mode-map "<" 'vip-command-argument)
219	(define-key vip-mode-map "=" 'vip-command-argument)
220	(define-key vip-mode-map ">" 'vip-command-argument)
221	(define-key vip-mode-map "?" 'vip-search-backward)
222	(define-key vip-mode-map "@" 'vip-nil)
223
224	(define-key vip-mode-map "A" 'vip-Append)
225	(define-key vip-mode-map "B" 'vip-backward-Word)
226	(define-key vip-mode-map "C" 'vip-ctl-c-equivalent)
227	(define-key vip-mode-map "D" 'vip-kill-line)
228	(define-key vip-mode-map "E" 'vip-end-of-Word)
229	(define-key vip-mode-map "F" 'vip-find-char-backward)
230	(define-key vip-mode-map "G" 'vip-goto-line)
231	(define-key vip-mode-map "H" 'vip-window-top)
232	(define-key vip-mode-map "I" 'vip-Insert)
233	(define-key vip-mode-map "J" 'vip-join-lines)
234	(define-key vip-mode-map "K" 'vip-kill-buffer)
235	(define-key vip-mode-map "L" 'vip-window-bottom)
236	(define-key vip-mode-map "M" 'vip-window-middle)
237	(define-key vip-mode-map "N" 'vip-search-Next)
238	(define-key vip-mode-map "O" 'vip-Open-line)
239	(define-key vip-mode-map "P" 'vip-Put-back)
240	(define-key vip-mode-map "Q" 'vip-query-replace)
241	(define-key vip-mode-map "R" 'vip-replace-string)
242	(define-key vip-mode-map "S" 'vip-switch-to-buffer-other-window)
243	(define-key vip-mode-map "T" 'vip-goto-char-backward)
244	(define-key vip-mode-map "U" 'vip-nil)
245	(define-key vip-mode-map "V" 'vip-find-file-other-window)
246	(define-key vip-mode-map "W" 'vip-forward-Word)
247	(define-key vip-mode-map "X" 'vip-ctl-x-equivalent)
248	(define-key vip-mode-map "Y" 'vip-yank-line)
249	(define-key vip-mode-map "ZZ" 'save-buffers-kill-emacs)
250
251	(define-key vip-mode-map "[" 'vip-nil)
252	(define-key vip-mode-map "\\" 'vip-escape-to-emacs)
253	(define-key vip-mode-map "]" 'vip-nil)
254	(define-key vip-mode-map "^" 'vip-bol-and-skip-white)
255	(define-key vip-mode-map "_" 'vip-nil)
256	(define-key vip-mode-map "`" 'vip-goto-mark)
257
258	(define-key vip-mode-map "a" 'vip-append)
259	(define-key vip-mode-map "b" 'vip-backward-word)
260	(define-key vip-mode-map "c" 'vip-command-argument)
261	(define-key vip-mode-map "d" 'vip-command-argument)
262	(define-key vip-mode-map "e" 'vip-end-of-word)
263	(define-key vip-mode-map "f" 'vip-find-char-forward)
264	(define-key vip-mode-map "g" 'vip-info-on-file)
265	(define-key vip-mode-map "h" 'vip-backward-char)
266	(define-key vip-mode-map "i" 'vip-insert)
267	(define-key vip-mode-map "j" 'vip-next-line)
268	(define-key vip-mode-map "k" 'vip-previous-line)
269	(define-key vip-mode-map "l" 'vip-forward-char)
270	(define-key vip-mode-map "m" 'vip-mark-point)
271	(define-key vip-mode-map "n" 'vip-search-next)
272	(define-key vip-mode-map "o" 'vip-open-line)
273	(define-key vip-mode-map "p" 'vip-put-back)
274	(define-key vip-mode-map "q" 'vip-nil)
275	(define-key vip-mode-map "r" 'vip-replace-char)
276	(define-key vip-mode-map "s" 'vip-switch-to-buffer)
277	(define-key vip-mode-map "t" 'vip-goto-char-forward)
278	(define-key vip-mode-map "u" 'vip-undo)
279	(define-key vip-mode-map "v" 'vip-find-file)
280	(define-key vip-mode-map "w" 'vip-forward-word)
281	(define-key vip-mode-map "x" 'vip-delete-char)
282	(define-key vip-mode-map "y" 'vip-command-argument)
283	(define-key vip-mode-map "zH" 'vip-line-to-top)
284	(define-key vip-mode-map "zM" 'vip-line-to-middle)
285	(define-key vip-mode-map "zL" 'vip-line-to-bottom)
286	(define-key vip-mode-map "z\C-m" 'vip-line-to-top)
287	(define-key vip-mode-map "z." 'vip-line-to-middle)
288	(define-key vip-mode-map "z-" 'vip-line-to-bottom)
289
290	(define-key vip-mode-map "{" 'vip-backward-paragraph)
291	(define-key vip-mode-map "\|" 'vip-goto-col)
292	(define-key vip-mode-map "}" 'vip-forward-paragraph)
293	(define-key vip-mode-map "~" 'vip-nil)
294	(define-key vip-mode-map "\177" 'vip-delete-backward-char)
295
296	(defun vip-version ()
297	(interactive)
298	(message "VIP version 3.5 of September 15, 1987"))
299
300
301	;; basic set up
302
303	;;;###autoload
304	(defun vip-setup ()
305	"Set up bindings for C-x 7 and C-z that are useful for VIP users."
306	(define-key ctl-x-map "7" 'vip-buffer-in-two-windows)
307	(global-set-key "\C-z" 'vip-change-mode-to-vi))
308
309	(defmacro vip-loop (count body)
310	"(COUNT BODY) Execute BODY COUNT times."
311	(list 'let (list (list 'count count))
312	(list 'while (list '> 'count 0)
313	body
314	(list 'setq 'count (list '1- 'count)))))
315
316	(defun vip-push-mark-silent (&optional location)
317	"Set mark at LOCATION (point, by default) and push old mark on mark ring.
318	No message."
319	(if (null (mark t))
320	nil
321	(setq mark-ring (cons (copy-marker (mark-marker)) mark-ring))
322	(if (> (length mark-ring) mark-ring-max)
323	(progn
324	(move-marker (car (nthcdr mark-ring-max mark-ring)) nil)
325	(setcdr (nthcdr (1- mark-ring-max) mark-ring) nil))))
326	(set-mark (or location (point))))
327
328	(defun vip-goto-col (arg)
329	"Go to ARG's column."
330	(interactive "P")
331	(let ((val (vip-p-val arg))
332	(com (vip-getcom arg)))
333	(save-excursion
334	(end-of-line)
335	(if (> val (1+ (current-column))) (error "")))
336	(if com (move-marker vip-com-point (point)))
337	(beginning-of-line)
338	(forward-char (1- val))
339	(if com (vip-execute-com 'vip-goto-col val com))))
340
341	(defun vip-copy-keymap (map)
342	(if (null map) (make-sparse-keymap) (copy-keymap map)))
343
344
345	;; changing mode
346
347	(defun vip-change-mode (new-mode)
348	"Change mode to NEW-MODE---either emacs-mode, vi-mode, or insert-mode."
349	(or (eq new-mode vip-current-mode)
350	(progn
351	(cond ((eq new-mode 'vi-mode)
352	(if (eq vip-current-mode 'insert-mode)
353	(progn
354	(vip-copy-region-as-kill (point) vip-insert-point)
355	(vip-repeat-insert-command))
356	(setq vip-emacs-local-map (current-local-map)
357	vip-emacs-mode-line-buffer-identification
358	mode-line-buffer-identification
359	vip-insert-local-map (vip-copy-keymap
360	(current-local-map))))
361	(vip-change-mode-line "Vi: ")
362	(use-local-map vip-mode-map))
363	((eq new-mode 'insert-mode)
364	(move-marker vip-insert-point (point))
365	(if (eq vip-current-mode 'emacs-mode)
366	(setq vip-emacs-local-map (current-local-map)
367	vip-emacs-mode-line-buffer-identification
368	mode-line-buffer-identification
369	vip-insert-local-map (vip-copy-keymap
370	(current-local-map)))
371	(setq vip-insert-local-map (vip-copy-keymap
372	vip-emacs-local-map)))
373	(vip-change-mode-line "Insert")
374	(use-local-map vip-insert-local-map)
375	(define-key vip-insert-local-map "\e" 'vip-change-mode-to-vi)
376	(define-key vip-insert-local-map "\C-z" 'vip-ESC)
377	(define-key vip-insert-local-map "\C-h"
378	(if vip-help-in-insert-mode 'help-command
379	'delete-backward-char))
380	(define-key vip-insert-local-map "\C-w"
381	'vip-delete-backward-word))
382	((eq new-mode 'emacs-mode)
383	(vip-change-mode-line "Emacs:")
384	(use-local-map vip-emacs-local-map)))
385	(setq vip-current-mode new-mode)
386	(force-mode-line-update))))
387
388	(defun vip-copy-region-as-kill (beg end)
389	"If BEG and END do not belong to the same buffer, it copies empty region."
390	(condition-case nil
391	(copy-region-as-kill beg end)
392	(error (copy-region-as-kill beg beg))))
393
394	(defun vip-change-mode-line (string)
395	"Assuming that the mode line format contains the string \"Emacs:\", this
396	function replaces the string by \"Vi: \" etc."
397	(setq mode-line-buffer-identification
398	(if (string= string "Emacs:")
399	vip-emacs-mode-line-buffer-identification
400	(list (concat string " %17b")))))
401
402	;;;###autoload
403	(defun vip-mode ()
404	"Turn on VIP emulation of VI."
405	(interactive)
406	(if (not vip-inhibit-startup-message)
407	(progn
408	(switch-to-buffer "VIP Startup Message")
409	(erase-buffer)
410	(insert
411	"VIP is a Vi emulation package for GNU Emacs. VIP provides most Vi commands
412	including Ex commands. VIP is however different from Vi in several points.
413	You can get more information on VIP by:
414	1. Typing `M-x info' and selecting menu item \"vip\".
415	2. Typing `C-h k' followed by a key whose description you want.
416	3. Printing VIP manual which can be found as GNU/man/vip.texinfo
417	4. Printing VIP Reference Card which can be found as GNU/etc/vipcard.tex
418
419	This startup message appears whenever you load VIP unless you type `y' now.
420	Type `n' to quit this window for now.\n")
421	(goto-char (point-min))
422	(if (y-or-n-p "Inhibit VIP startup message? ")
423	(progn
424	(save-excursion
425	(set-buffer
426	(find-file-noselect
427	(substitute-in-file-name vip-startup-file)))
428	(goto-char (point-max))
429	(insert "\n(setq vip-inhibit-startup-message t)\n")
430	(save-buffer)
431	(kill-buffer (current-buffer)))
432	(message "VIP startup message inhibited.")
433	(sit-for 2)))
434	(kill-buffer (current-buffer))
435	(message "")
436	(setq vip-inhibit-startup-message t)))
437	(vip-change-mode-to-vi))
438
439	(defun vip-change-mode-to-vi ()
440	"Change mode to vi mode."
441	(interactive)
442	(vip-change-mode 'vi-mode))
443
444	(defun vip-change-mode-to-insert ()
445	"Change mode to insert mode."
446	(interactive)
447	(vip-change-mode 'insert-mode))
448
449	(defun vip-change-mode-to-emacs ()
450	"Change mode to Emacs mode."
451	(interactive)
452	(vip-change-mode 'emacs-mode))
453
454
455	;; escape to emacs mode temporarily
456
457	(defun vip-escape-to-emacs (arg &optional events)
458	"Escape to Emacs mode for one Emacs command.
459	ARG is used as the prefix value for the executed command. If
460	EVENTS is a list of events, which become the beginning of the command."
461	(interactive "P")
462	(let (com key (old-map (current-local-map)))
463	(if events (setq unread-command-events events))
464	(setq prefix-arg arg)
465	(use-local-map vip-emacs-local-map)
466	(unwind-protect
467	(setq com (key-binding (setq key (read-key-sequence nil))))
468	(use-local-map old-map))
469	(command-execute com prefix-arg)
470	(setq prefix-arg nil) ;; reset prefix arg
471	))
472
473	(defun vip-message-conditions (conditions)
474	"Print CONDITIONS as a message."
475	(let ((case (car conditions)) (msg (cdr conditions)))
476	(if (null msg)
477	(message "%s" case)
478	(message "%s %s" case (prin1-to-string msg)))
479	(ding)))
480
481	(defun vip-ESC (arg)
482	"Emulate ESC key in Emacs mode."
483	(interactive "P")
484	(vip-escape-to-emacs arg '(?\e)))
485
486	(defun vip-ctl-c (arg)
487	"Emulate C-c key in Emacs mode."
488	(interactive "P")
489	(vip-escape-to-emacs arg '(?\C-c)))
490
491	(defun vip-ctl-x (arg)
492	"Emulate C-x key in Emacs mode."
493	(interactive "P")
494	(vip-escape-to-emacs arg '(?\C-x)))
495
496	(defun vip-ctl-h (arg)
497	"Emulate C-h key in Emacs mode."
498	(interactive "P")
499	(vip-escape-to-emacs arg '(?\C-h)))
500
501
502	;; prefix argument for vi mode
503
504	;; In vi mode, prefix argument is a dotted pair (NUM . COM) where NUM
505	;; represents the numeric value of the prefix argument and COM represents
506	;; command prefix such as "c", "d", "m" and "y".
507
508	(defun vip-prefix-arg-value (char value com)
509	"Compute numeric prefix arg value. Invoked by CHAR. VALUE is the value
510	obtained so far, and COM is the command part obtained so far."
511	(while (and (>= char ?0) (<= char ?9))
512	(setq value (+ (* (if (numberp value) value 0) 10) (- char ?0)))
513	(setq char (read-char)))
514	(setq prefix-arg value)
515	(if com (setq prefix-arg (cons prefix-arg com)))
516	(while (= char ?U)
517	(vip-describe-arg prefix-arg)
518	(setq char (read-char)))
519	(setq unread-command-events (list char)))
520
521	(defun vip-prefix-arg-com (char value com)
522	"Vi operator as prefix argument."
523	(let ((cont t))
524	(while (and cont
525	(or (= char ?c) (= char ?d) (= char ?y)
526	(= char ?!) (= char ?<) (= char ?>) (= char ?=)
527	(= char ?#) (= char ?r) (= char ?R) (= char ?\")))
528	(if com
529	;; this means that we already have a command character, so we
530	;; construct a com list and exit while. however, if char is "
531	;; it is an error.
532	(progn
533	;; new com is (CHAR . OLDCOM)
534	(if (or (= char ?#) (= char ?\")) (error ""))
535	(setq com (cons char com))
536	(setq cont nil))
537	;; if com is nil we set com as char, and read more. again, if char
538	;; is ", we read the name of register and store it in vip-use-register.
539	;; if char is !, =, or #, a complete com is formed so we exit while.
540	(cond ((or (= char ?!) (= char ?=))
541	(setq com char)
542	(setq char (read-char))
543	(setq cont nil))
544	((= char ?#)
545	;; read a char and encode it as com
546	(setq com (+ 128 (read-char)))
547	(setq char (read-char))
548	(setq cont nil))
549	((or (= char ?<) (= char ?>))
550	(setq com char)
551	(setq char (read-char))
552	(if (= com char) (setq com (cons char com)))
553	(setq cont nil))
554	((= char ?\")
555	(let ((reg (read-char)))
556	(if (or (and (<= ?A reg) (<= reg ?z))
557	(and (<= ?1 reg) (<= reg ?9)))
558	(setq vip-use-register reg)
559	(error ""))
560	(setq char (read-char))))
561	(t
562	(setq com char)
563	(setq char (read-char)))))))
564	(if (atom com)
565	;; com is a single char, so we construct prefix-arg
566	;; and if char is ?, describe prefix arg, otherwise exit by
567	;; pushing the char back
568	(progn
569	(setq prefix-arg (cons value com))
570	(while (= char ?U)
571	(vip-describe-arg prefix-arg)
572	(setq char (read-char)))
573	(setq unread-command-events (list char)))
574	;; as com is non-nil, this means that we have a command to execute
575	(if (or (= (car com) ?r) (= (car com) ?R))
576	;; execute appropriate region command.
577	(let ((char (car com)) (com (cdr com)))
578	(setq prefix-arg (cons value com))
579	(if (= char ?r) (vip-region prefix-arg)
580	(vip-Region prefix-arg))
581	;; reset prefix-arg
582	(setq prefix-arg nil))
583	;; otherwise, reset prefix arg and call appropriate command
584	(setq value (if (null value) 1 value))
585	(setq prefix-arg nil)
586	(cond ((equal com '(?c . ?c)) (vip-line (cons value ?C)))
587	((equal com '(?d . ?d)) (vip-line (cons value ?D)))
588	((equal com '(?d . ?y)) (vip-yank-defun))
589	((equal com '(?y . ?y)) (vip-line (cons value ?Y)))
590	((equal com '(?< . ?<)) (vip-line (cons value ?<)))
591	((equal com '(?> . ?>)) (vip-line (cons value ?>)))
592	((equal com '(?! . ?!)) (vip-line (cons value ?!)))
593	((equal com '(?= . ?=)) (vip-line (cons value ?=)))
594	(t (error ""))))))
595
596	(defun vip-describe-arg (arg)
597	(let (val com)
598	(setq val (vip-P-val arg)
599	com (vip-getcom arg))
600	(if (null val)
601	(if (null com)
602	(message "Value is nil, and command is nil.")
603	(message "Value is nil, and command is %c." com))
604	(if (null com)
605	(message "Value is %d, and command is nil." val)
606	(message "Value is %d, and command is %c." val com)))))
607
608	(defun vip-digit-argument (arg)
609	"Begin numeric argument for the next command."
610	(interactive "P")
611	(vip-prefix-arg-value last-command-char nil
612	(if (consp arg) (cdr arg) nil)))
613
614	(defun vip-command-argument (arg)
615	"Accept a motion command as an argument."
616	(interactive "P")
617	(condition-case conditions
618	(vip-prefix-arg-com
619	last-command-char
620	(cond ((null arg) nil)
621	((consp arg) (car arg))
622	((numberp arg) arg)
623	(t (error "strange arg")))
624	(cond ((null arg) nil)
625	((consp arg) (cdr arg))
626	((numberp arg) nil)
627	(t (error "strange arg"))))
628	(quit
629	(setq vip-use-register nil)
630	(signal 'quit nil))))
631
632	(defun vip-p-val (arg)
633	"Get value part of prefix-argument ARG."
634	(cond ((null arg) 1)
635	((consp arg) (if (null (car arg)) 1 (car arg)))
636	(t arg)))
637
638	(defun vip-P-val (arg)
639	"Get value part of prefix-argument ARG."
640	(cond ((consp arg) (car arg))
641	(t arg)))
642
643	(defun vip-getcom (arg)
644	"Get com part of prefix-argument ARG."
645	(cond ((null arg) nil)
646	((consp arg) (cdr arg))
647	(t nil)))
648
649	(defun vip-getCom (arg)
650	"Get com part of prefix-argument ARG and modify it."
651	(let ((com (vip-getcom arg)))
652	(cond ((equal com ?c) ?C)
653	((equal com ?d) ?D)
654	((equal com ?y) ?Y)
655	(t com))))
656
657
658	;; repeat last destructive command
659
660	(defun vip-append-to-register (reg start end)
661	"Append region to text in register REG.
662	START and END are buffer positions indicating what to append."
663	(set-register reg (concat (or (get-register reg) "")
664	(buffer-substring start end))))
665
666	(defun vip-execute-com (m-com val com)
667	"(M-COM VAL COM) Execute command COM. The list (M-COM VAL COM) is set
668	to vip-d-com for later use by vip-repeat"
669	(let ((reg vip-use-register))
670	(if com
671	(cond ((= com ?c) (vip-change vip-com-point (point)))
672	((= com (- ?c)) (vip-change-subr vip-com-point (point)))
673	((or (= com ?C) (= com (- ?C)))
674	(save-excursion
675	(set-mark vip-com-point)
676	(vip-enlarge-region (mark) (point))
677	(if vip-use-register
678	(progn
679	(cond ((and (<= ?a vip-use-register)
680	(<= vip-use-register ?z))
681	(copy-to-register
682	vip-use-register (mark) (point) nil))
683	((and (<= ?A vip-use-register)
684	(<= vip-use-register ?Z))
685	(vip-append-to-register
686	(+ vip-use-register 32) (mark) (point)))
687	(t (setq vip-use-register nil)
688	(error "")))
689	(setq vip-use-register nil)))
690	(delete-region (mark) (point)))
691	(open-line 1)
692	(if (= com ?C) (vip-change-mode-to-insert) (yank)))
693	((= com ?d)
694	(if vip-use-register
695	(progn
696	(cond ((and (<= ?a vip-use-register)
697	(<= vip-use-register ?z))
698	(copy-to-register
699	vip-use-register vip-com-point (point) nil))
700	((and (<= ?A vip-use-register)
701	(<= vip-use-register ?Z))
702	(vip-append-to-register
703	(+ vip-use-register 32) vip-com-point (point)))
704	(t (setq vip-use-register nil)
705	(error "")))
706	(setq vip-use-register nil)))
707	(setq last-command
708	(if (eq last-command 'd-command) 'kill-region nil))
709	(kill-region vip-com-point (point))
710	(setq this-command 'd-command))
711	((= com ?D)
712	(save-excursion
713	(set-mark vip-com-point)
714	(vip-enlarge-region (mark) (point))
715	(if vip-use-register
716	(progn
717	(cond ((and (<= ?a vip-use-register)
718	(<= vip-use-register ?z))
719	(copy-to-register
720	vip-use-register (mark) (point) nil))
721	((and (<= ?A vip-use-register)
722	(<= vip-use-register ?Z))
723	(vip-append-to-register
724	(+ vip-use-register 32) (mark) (point)))
725	(t (setq vip-use-register nil)
726	(error "")))
727	(setq vip-use-register nil)))
728	(setq last-command
729	(if (eq last-command 'D-command) 'kill-region nil))
730	(kill-region (mark) (point))
731	(if (eq m-com 'vip-line) (setq this-command 'D-command)))
732	(back-to-indentation))
733	((= com ?y)
734	(if vip-use-register
735	(progn
736	(cond ((and (<= ?a vip-use-register)
737	(<= vip-use-register ?z))
738	(copy-to-register
739	vip-use-register vip-com-point (point) nil))
740	((and (<= ?A vip-use-register)
741	(<= vip-use-register ?Z))
742	(vip-append-to-register
743	(+ vip-use-register 32) vip-com-point (point)))
744	(t (setq vip-use-register nil)
745	(error "")))
746	(setq vip-use-register nil)))
747	(setq last-command nil)
748	(copy-region-as-kill vip-com-point (point))
749	(goto-char vip-com-point))
750	((= com ?Y)
751	(save-excursion
752	(set-mark vip-com-point)
753	(vip-enlarge-region (mark) (point))
754	(if vip-use-register
755	(progn
756	(cond ((and (<= ?a vip-use-register)
757	(<= vip-use-register ?z))
758	(copy-to-register
759	vip-use-register (mark) (point) nil))
760	((and (<= ?A vip-use-register)
761	(<= vip-use-register ?Z))
762	(vip-append-to-register
763	(+ vip-use-register 32) (mark) (point)))
764	(t (setq vip-use-register nil)
765	(error "")))
766	(setq vip-use-register nil)))
767	(setq last-command nil)
768	(copy-region-as-kill (mark) (point)))
769	(goto-char vip-com-point))
770	((or (= com ?!) (= com (- ?!)))
771	(save-excursion
772	(set-mark vip-com-point)
773	(vip-enlarge-region (mark) (point))
774	(shell-command-on-region
775	(mark) (point)
776	(if (= com ?!)
777	(setq vip-last-shell-com (vip-read-string "!"))
778	vip-last-shell-com)
779	t)))
780	((= com ?=)
781	(save-excursion
782	(set-mark vip-com-point)
783	(vip-enlarge-region (mark) (point))
784	(if (> (mark) (point)) (exchange-point-and-mark))
785	(indent-region (mark) (point) nil)))
786	((= com ?<)
787	(save-excursion
788	(set-mark vip-com-point)
789	(vip-enlarge-region (mark) (point))
790	(indent-rigidly (mark) (point) (- vip-shift-width)))
791	(goto-char vip-com-point))
792	((= com ?>)
793	(save-excursion
794	(set-mark vip-com-point)
795	(vip-enlarge-region (mark) (point))
796	(indent-rigidly (mark) (point) vip-shift-width))
797	(goto-char vip-com-point))
798	((>= com 128)
799	;; this is special command #
800	(vip-special-prefix-com (- com 128)))))
801	(setq vip-d-com (list m-com val (if (or (= com ?c) (= com ?C) (= com ?!))